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Decreased Folic Acid = Increased Homocysteine - But does it lead to Heart Disease
Homocysteine is an amino acid found in the blood. Evidence suggests that high levels of homocysteine can increase the build up of fatty deposits in the arteries, known as atherosclerosis. This in turn can be related to an increased risk of Heart Disease. However, no direct causal link between increased homocysteine levels and heart disease has been proven. It is however thought that increased homocysteine levels are an indicator, rather than a causative factor when it comes to heart disease.
Blood levels of Homocysteine are influenced by both diet and genetics. Studies have shown that a higher level of folic acid in the blood are related to lower levels of homocysteine. Despite the lack of absolute evidence, it is advised that those with high homocysteine levels or other heart disease risk factors/ indicators ensure their diet is adequate in folic acid.
Folic acid is found naturally in leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, legumes and wholegrains. It is worth noting that folic acid can be lost during cooking. Steaming or microwaving vegetables as opposed to boiling will help prevent this. Fortification with folic acid of all wheat flour for bread making purposes is mandatory in Australia. This includes any plain or sweet bread, roll, focaccia, muffin etc made with wheat flour. It does not include organic breads or breads made from cereal types other than wheat. Some manufacturers choose to fortify products such as breakfast cereals, and this will be stated on the label.
Consuming a diet rich in fresh fruits and vegetables and wholegrain cereals will ensure adequate folic acid intake. There is yet to be a direct link made between folic acid supplementation and decreased risk of heart disease. Consuming a diet high in folic acid will likely lead to other health benefits, such as weight loss, decreased cholesterol etc, all of which help to prevent heart disease.
Added to site on : Monday, 24 February 2014